Financial Crisis Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 935 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Financial crisis was defined by many numerous aspects, such as the evolution, impact of the appearance and the causes. Any situation that occurs in financial crisis in which a financial institution, or an amount of financial institutions, when is in incapacity of fulfilling the statutory regulations, which a situation that is negatively affect the functionary of the entire financial system. However, Kaminsky and Reinhart (1999) defines financial crises depending on the forms they declare themselves in 3 ways crises, which are currency crises, bank crises and twin crises. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Financial Crisis Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order In the study of currency crises, the attacks, external and internal factors, on a currency produce important reductions of the currency reserves, substantial and intense depreciations of the currency exchange rate of the combined effects of these. However, bank crises are generated by a series of micro and macro economic factors, and the forms they take vary from manifest bankruptcy, acquisition merger or overtaking by the public sector by nationalizing a bank, a group of banks or the entire banking system. Lastly the twin crises apparently are a combination of currency crises along with the bank crises. Financial crises had been analyzed in a temporal approach and it makes the distinction between first, second and third generation crises. The first generation currency crisis models were designed to explain the problems specific to the 80s and they take on the classic form of the balance of payment crisis and the budgetary deficit financed through internal loan are considered to b e generated from the inside. Moreover, the crises are more specific to small economies with fixed exchange rates and that have liberalized the capital account. For those reasons, it is being sensitive to speculative attacks that could easily degenerate into currency crises. The second generation of financial crises stems from the speculative attacks on the currencies in the European Monetary System in the years 1992 until 1993 and from the Mexican crisis in the years 1994 until 1995. The possibility of occurrence of the financial crises even in a stability economic environment was illustrated. These crises are being considered as self-generating. There are three major participants that having in the edited model presented in this category. Which are the governments that are the position to maintain the exchange rate of currency or to change the exchange rate system depending on the compared benefits of these actions and two speculators in the respective currency, those who havent got the necessary resources to exhaust the government reserves though. The third generation of financial crises are much more complex than the other two cases, being related to the issues that generated by the balance sheet exposures and presenting three options, which are the impact of the moral hazard on the crediting process, the reciprocal impact of the currency and also the bank crisis, the implications of the currency depreciation on the balance of payments. However, the recent financial crises are mostly crises in the latter generation, which mean inside the financial sector and are related to structural dynamics as the financial innovation. Asian Crisis of 1997 A good example provided by the Asian crisis of 1997 until 1998, the Dragons (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and South Korea) and the Tigers (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand) were the models of successful economic development. Their economic grew at high rates from the early 1950s until the crisis in 1997. In 1997 the Thai Baht drop under sustained pressure and the government stopped defending it on July 2. The value of the currency immediately dropped 14 percent in the onshore market and 19 percent in the offshore market (Frank, 2003, chapter 10). And the beginning of the Asian financial crises has been marked from that time. The following currencies to drop under pressure were the Philippine Peso and the Malaysian Ringgit. The Philippine central bank had tried to defend the Peso by increasing interest rates. In spite of the governments action, it lost around $1.5 billion in foreign reserves. The government let the Peso float on July 11, it promptly dropped 11.5 perc ent. The Malaysian central bank stopped defending the Ringgit on July 11. On the other hand, Indonesian central bank stopped defending the Rupee on August 14. Not only the countries known as the Tigers affected by the spreading crisis, but also the countries known as the Dragons were involved in the crisis. At the beginning of the August, Singapore decided to let their currency depreciate and by the end of the September the Singapore dollar had dropped 8 percent. Taiwan decided not to defend their currency and was not much affected. Hong Kong had a currency board that pegged the exchange rate to US dollar. Hong Kong dollar came under attack, but the currency board was able to maintain peg. Initially, South Korea had won appreciated against other South East Asian currencies. However, in November the won also lost 25 percent of its value. When the crises came over ended, the dollar had appreciated against the Malaysian, Philippine, Thailand, Indonesia and South Korean currencies by 52, 52, 78, 107 and 151 percent respectively. Although the turbulence in the currency markets subsided by the end of 1997, the real effects of the crisis still can be felt throughout the region. Many banks and industrial and also commercial firms went bankrupt and output fell sharply. But overall, the crisis was extremely painful for the countries that involved. Besides the Asian crisis 1997, there are many other examples of crises. Which are not confined to emerging markets but occur in developed economies as well. Global Financial Crisis Allen, F., Gale, D. (2007) An introduction to financial crises, https://fic.wharton.upenn.edu/fic/papers/07/p0720.html Kaminsky, G., Reinhart, C. (1999) The Twin Crises: The Causes of Banking and Balance-of-Payments Problems, American Economic Review, 1999, (89), 473-500

The Resisting Reader, By Judith Fetterley - 1391 Words

In her book, â€Å"The Resisting Reader,† Judith Fetterley says of feminist criticism, â€Å"At its best, feminist criticism is a political act whose aim is not simply to interpret the world but to change it by changing the consciousness of those who read and their relation to what they read† (Fetterley viii). The most prevalent place that feminist criticism is used in this way is in response to the literary idea of the typical damsel in distress. The fragile young maiden who cannot fend for herself and must be told what to do by a strong, capable hero permeates both popular and classical literature. The argument of the feminist critic is that this idea is inaccurate and outdated, and should be updated to match the real picture of a woman as her own person, her own specific character. One of the most iconic pictures of the femme fatale is Ophelia in Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Ophelia is often viewed as a flat, one-dimensional character who is so undone by her circumst ances that she cannot handle her grief due to her fragility and consequently ends her own life. At first glance, it seems as though Shakespeare is simply following the popular literary archetype of his time, but from a deeper perspective, the message through Ophelia is quite different. Shakespeare’s portrayal of Ophelia as the archetypal damsel in distress, and his depiction of her consequent demise, actually challenges the theory of the femme fatale and proves it to be misleading. Most who read or view a performance ofShow MoreRelatedGender Norms in The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros 985 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieve that it is their husbands or fathers responsibility to care for them and make any crucial decisions for them. However, despite the influence of other female characters that are â€Å"immasculated†, according to Judith Fetterley, Esperanza’s experiences lead her to become a â€Å"resisting reader† in Fettereley’s terminology because she does not want to become like the women that she observes, stuck under a man’s authority. She desires to leave Mango Street and have a â€Å"home of her own† so that she willRead More Feminist Criticism of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby810 Words   |  4 PagesFeminist Criticism of The Great Gatsby The pervasive male bias in American literature leads the reader to equate the experience of being American with the experience of being male. In F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby, the background for the experience of disillusionment and betrayal revealed in the novel is the discovery of America. Daisys failure of Gatsby is symbolic of the failure of America to live up to the expectations in the imagination of the men who discovered it. AmericaRead MoreEssay The Dangers of a Feminist Perspective of A Farewell to Arms1018 Words   |  5 PagesThe Dangers of a Feminist Perspective of A Farewell to Arms      Ã‚  Ã‚   Hemingways portrayal of Catherine Barkley in A Farewell to Arms is a subject of many debates. I do not agree with Judith Fetterly that Catherine is too idealistic, too selflessly loving and giving. Catherines death was the most fitting end to the story. Hemingways Catherine Barkley may be stereotypical on the surface, but is a much more knowledgeable and strong character underneath.    In the early encounter withRead More Catherine as Code Hero in Ernest Hemingways A Farewell to Arms3316 Words   |  14 Pagesparticularly harsh on Hemingways characterization of Catherine, viewing it as patronizing and shallow. In her response to the phallocentric canon of American literature and the corresponding way that women have been conditioned to read it, Judith Fetterley, in The Resisting Reader: A Feminist Approach to American Fiction (1977), accuses Catherine of suffering from compulsive apologizing (70) and faults her for submissively tak[ing] upon herself the burdens of Frederics sins and [for dying] for him (47)Read MoreThe Portrayal of Women in the American Literary Canon1512 Words   |  6 Pagespredominance of male writers leads to the dominance of male protagonists as well. Most classic American texts contain male central figures, while the presence of female protagonists is less frequent. Feminist Mary Eagleton in Feminist Literary Theory: A Reader infers that w omen are then impelled to identify with a male character that makes women look like enemies (280). The lack of female protagonists forces women to read about and connect with only male characters and their experiences. In doing so, womenRead MoreEssay about Paradoxical Role of Women in the Great Gatsby1333 Words   |  6 Pagesprincipal female characters, the reader must keep in mind that all appraisals are filtered through the eyes of Nick Carraway. Thus, the question of whether he is a reliable narrator assumes paramount importance. Nick of course, boldly asserts, â€Å"I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known.† (59; ch.3) But Nick seems to embody a double standard in his judgments of the behavior of men and women as feminist critic, Judith Fetterley, demonstrates in The Resisting Reader: A Feminist Approach to AmericanRead More Powerful Symbols in Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston1407 Words   |  6 PagesConsulted: Donlon, Jocelyn Hazelwood. Power: Spatial and Racial Intersections in Faulkner and Hurston.Journal of American Culture (1996): 95-110. Online. Internet. 8 December 2001. Available: http:vweb.hwwilsonweb.com/ Fetterley, Judith. Introduction to the Resisting Reader: a Feminist Approach to American Fiction. The Critical Tradition: Classic Texts and Contemporary Trends. Ed. David H. Richter. Boston: Bedford books, 1998. 991-998. Hurston, Zora Neale. Their Eyes Were Watching God. NewRead More Farewell to Arms Essay2405 Words   |  10 Pagessymbols have an effect on each character in the novel, in a special way. When a reader opens up the novel from the first page to the last page some of the symbols are made obvious, while some symbols are insightful. The rain is the constant water forms such as lakes, snow, ice and rivers, in this novel and it involves each character differently. Rain symbolizes death mainly, due to every time it is mentioned, the reader knows death is coming. At the start of the winter came the permanent rain andRead More Comparing the American Dream of The Great Gatsby and Tender is the Night2117 Words   |  9 PagesBabbitt, Studies in Bibliography 22 (1958), 263-68. Saul Bellow, Facts that Put Fang to Flight, The New York Times Book Review (11 February 1962), p. 1. Eagleton, Terry. The Function of Criticism. London: Verso, 1984. Fetterley, Judith. The Resisting Reader: A Feminist Approach to American Fiction. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1978. Fielder, Leslie. Some Notes on F. Scott Fitzgerald. Mizener 70-76. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. Absolution. 1924. Babylon Revisited and Other Stories.

Discovering Yourself free essay sample

DISCOVERING YOURSELF This topic is very interesting with the Discovery wheel, learning styles, and balancing learning styles. My favorite assignment was the discovery wheel, this exercise shows me that I need to balance the skills that I have and some real weaknesses that I did not know that I had. Discovery is a way to find your TRUE strengths and weaknesses and how balance them. Discovery, commitment, and Mastery should be in every student vocabulary and should be something worked on daily. In my opinion, discovering yourself topic is perfect to be chapter 1 because you can start discovering yourself and improving your skills through out the course as well as your time as a student so that when you graduate and are working in your career chose you could be a more balanced and well-rounded person. The chapter showed me that I could change my learning style or habits to promote success by being able to learn from any instructor. We will write a custom essay sample on Discovering Yourself or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I also learned that change is good and committing to change is great. Staying focus on my goals ahead, and start working on small changes first and then looking at the big picture. I will practice the skills that I have learned in this chapter daily to my educational career, workplace, and social settings to grow as a person. In school, I will use a full range of learning Modes to excel in my classes and develop variety of strategies to be able to learn from a wide range of teaching styles. In my workplace, I can use what I learned to look at the bigger picture through being more creative and having a willingness to take risk. I also discovered a need to focus on my time-management and getting more organized. Time Management was something I thought I only needed a little bit of work on, but I see through the discovery wheel I needed alto of focus and change on this skill. Discovering yourself chapter is a good revelation and was a great way for me to see my weaknesses on a larger scale. NOTES Note taking is very important in being a better learner, enhancing your memory and helping you pass test. Television note taking was a good exercise, because it shows you that you can try different techniques and see which one works better for you and with is you can transfer that technique into school or work. Note taking is more than rewriting what the instructor or fascinator is saying, but writing it down in a way you can understand it. You want to observe a statement by an instructor or facilitator, record your observation of that event â€Å"take notes†, and finally you want to review the notes that you took. All points are valid and are not successfully without doing them all. Through out this chapter I gained a better since of note taking and taking notes more effectively. My original style was to rewrite what the instructor or fascinator is saying but I rarely know what they were talking about and that caused me to take more time and research what the topic was and read a lot more on topics that were not relevant to the class. The formats explained in this chapter are effective with different forms of lecture. If an instructor is speaking fast try to focus your attention on key points, exchange notes with a classmate, leave space in your notes to fill in information you might have missed during the lecture, if all else fails speak to your instructors to see if he or she can slow down or speak to him or her after class. If you are note taking while reading you can paraphrase key points, outline the table of contents, and try taking research notes that can help you understand the reading better. I can take the techniques that I have learned in this chapter into the workplace as well as the classroom. I take notes in conferences and seminars and these tools can help me process what I am learning. Many instructors speak faster than I can write and sometimes I find myself either not taking notes and trying to remember what they said, or trying to write everything they said and missing the point all together. I will use the tools in this chapter and will work with others to make sure that I can get the complete information from the lecture. The other points in the chapter I will put into effect while in class and reading assignment trying to map my chapters with main points and making the charts flow from general concepts to specific ideas. Observing, report, and review is an all around concept that can be used in class and work to help me in the ability to remember what the chapter or lecture was about and to be successful in test taking. TIME This was a excellent topic with the Time Plan Process, Getting real with your Goals, STOP PROCRASTINATION NOW which was my favorite assignment in the chapter, 7-day antiprocrastination plan, long term planners, and Master Calendar. This chapter covers discovering how you currently use your time through using planner’s charts and calendars. It also covered how setting goals that will make a difference in the quality of your life and what to do today, this week, and this month and making sure that you reach your goals using techniques to simplify your goals to make them more attainably and reasonable. Last but definitely not least, now to eliminate procrastination through all the techniques above if you focus, follow, and try something new you can definably get pass being a procrastinator. I gained the knowledge of how to effectively schedule, plan, and prioritize my workload al well as keeping a master calendar that I stick too. This is not only helping me through out on time as a student, but in the workplace too. My work schedule is very busy and seems to be always full but when I used the tools that I read about in this chapter I noticed that I could delegate some of my responsibility to others and prioritize other task to use make the best use of my time. This topic was the least amount of points on my discovery wheel and I made sure that I read this chapter carefully, took notes, and implemented the techniques to gain understanding and the ability to have better time management. I know that I cannot stop being a procrastinator over night but if I stick with the techniques shown, I can have better time management. I have started using two master calendars one for work since we have deadlines every month that need to be completed on a timely basis. We also have events that are planned months in advance so this can help me to not overwork myself through out the month and to visually see what is going on for the month with out guessing. I have also should people that I work with this idea and others are using this technique also. The other master calendar is for school it has my class schedule, KGA due dates, and exam date on it. I look at the assignment that is due and add study and prep time to my master calendar because I can not forget my focus is my degree everything else comes secondary. I also have started using my student planner that came with my class book more effectively by making sure that I put down everything that is going on from work and school into it not just class activities. This helps me when I am planning work events I can block out time that I know I will not be available. The sue of the planners, calendars, goals setting, and time planning processes shown in this chapter this will make me a stronger student and person.

Hoop Dreams Analysis Sample Essay Example For Students

Hoop Dreams Analysis Sample Essay The 1994 Documentary. Hoop Dreams. directed by Steve James. is a consummate show of human play. The story-line is so bewitching and theatrical that it seems crafted from fiction. The Documentary boasts cinematic techniques and private investigation that rivals most movie of this clip period. The movie follows the high school callings of two male childs from the Cabrini-Green lodging undertakings in Chicago. The aggressive genuineness of film verite does non merely peek through in character emotion. but film’s beginning came together of course. James tells Robert Ebert in 2009. â€Å"A endowment lookout for suburban high schools led us to Arthur. Through Arthur we happen to run into William. We kept right on shooting from that. We neer did acquire much more. but we kept on cinematography ( Ebert. 1 ) . † Through applaudable attempts in precise filming. narrative. and continuity editing- the narratives of Arthur Agee and William Gates widened the eyes of America. In all m y old ages of analyzing film I have yet to watch a film. docudrama or non. that has touched me this deeply. The high quality of Hoop Dreams goes good beyond the range of a Film pupil. Apart from his appraisal. Hoop Dreams is decorated with over 12 awards. To call a few ; The Sundance Film Festival Audience Aware for Best Documentary in 1994. 1994 Los Angeles Film Critics Association: Best Documentary. 1994 Chicago Film Critics Award: Best Picture. 1995 Academy Award Nomination: Best Editing and In 2007. the International Documentary Association selected Hoop Dreams as the all-time greatest docudrama ( IMDb ) . The destinies of Arthur and William began in the custodies of Earl Smith. a endowment lookout for several high schools that recruits waxy grammar school childs. College-style enlisting at the disturbingly immature age of 12. He recruited Both Arthur Agee and William Gates to play hoops for St. Joseph’s High School. The gap sequences have the male childs at same get downing point and their divergency from each other flood tides in the narrative as Agee is forced to drop out of St. Joseph’s. Polarization starts to draw at the audience empathy as Gates’s instruction is to the full payed for. but injures to his articulatio genus junior twelvemonth hinder his prophesy of NBA stardom. Both supporters had low beginnings but each had their clip in the limelight from hoops. Assorted subjects in the movie include poorness and the category system. race. drugs. household. paternity. the American dream. athleticss. individuality. and hope in contrast with battle. Through a si ngular intertwining of two immature work forces. the high quality of Hoop Dreams is unquestionable. A well-done docudrama of societal representation can be more powerful than even it’s Godheads imagined. James consciously balanced aesthetics with his ethical duties as an creative person. Ethically talking. Hoop Dreams gave well-built attending to seasonably issues that went by and large untouched during the early 90’s. Steve James made the world of households populating in undertakings seeable to sort populating outside of its poorness. James was smart and empathic in utilizing Cabrini-Green house as the documental infinite because it bears a recognizable acquaintance to the â€Å"ghetto† stereotype people imagine. Gaven Lamert. film writer and noteworthy writer. describes the irreversible power that Hoop Dreams can hold in society ; â€Å"In the broadest sense. they are movies of protest ; they are non conceived in sweeping terms†¦ but the camera-eye they turn on society†¦ disenchanted. and on occasion fierce and bitter†¦ . IF compassion is expressed in Lorenza /Mazeti’s movie ( Together ) . implicit in Lindsay Anderson’s ( O Dreamland ) . it is the most strict. hard and severe sort of compassion: non for the minute or the peculiar state of affairs. but a sort of lasting temperamental grief for the universe and the people seemingly lost in it. No uncertainty of it. this is the universe in which we live. † ( Ellis. 200 ) One interview in the movie that stuck out to me as deliberately dramatic was an interview with one of the movies heroic characters. Arthur’s female parent. In contrast with interviews that James conducts as a beginning or informant. in which he sets the mise-en-scene. James tends to maintain the camera true-to-life with the female parent ( Bellour. 50 ) . James maintains a rickety camera technique to solidify his place as â€Å"the oculus looking into their universe. † During panning or other set uping shootings. narrated sequences. and interviews with characters. a tripod is used to divide those minutes from the narrative. Although non wholly non-diegetic. the interviews are infinites in the movie changeable outside of the narrative. The audience is given verification of how William and Arthur must be experiencing during this clip. leting character development. Along with the ethical concerns of non fiddling with world. aesthetic attempts during the interviews was nece ssary to divide them from world ( Ellis. 222 ) Arthur’s female parent. Sheila Agee. was a symbolic representation re-occurring subjects ; strength within battle ( IMDb ) . Her character acts as more so a ‘rock’ for her household. but the battle of her world gave character genuineness. adding to movie credibleness. Institutions of Education and Financial policies act as the adversaries. The movies hero. appropriately so because our society draws a analogue between hero and female parent. is Sheila. Ryan deliberately displayed her character in copiousness. She stood as the visible radiation in the supporters darkness and made the movie more entertaining. every bit good as broadcast medium unfairnesss in our system. ‘Do you all wonder sometimes how I am populating? † Arthur’s female parent asks turning straight to the camera. †How my kids survive. and how they’re life? A household of 4 lived on $ 268 a month in public assistance. When Arthur turned 18. his $ 100 payment was cut off despite still being in high school. Their gas and electricity had been turned off in the winter and the household was utilizing a cantonment lantern for visible radiation. Ryan’s usage of a dark and saddening path added deepness and desperation to a declining state of affairs for Arthur. Meanwhile. the darkness of Arthur’s life blackened in apposition with William’s. whose hoops calling was blooming ( Ebert. 2 ) . Many People Believe Abortion Is A Moral Issue, But It Is Also EssayWilliams older brother stands as the negative or what William will go if he should â€Å"fail† . a word in repeat throughout the movie. Williams older brother about made it to the NBA and now he has nil. confessing in anguish. â€Å"Im usage to everybody in the vicinity loving me and cognizing how good I could play†¦ but now. merely a regular old cat on the street now. † His brother goes on to state that if william should neglect. â€Å"he might non hold a friend left in the universe. † The solitariness that accompanies celebrity can be a chilling and overpowering lesson for such a immature individual to larn. A poetic line from William himself. â€Å"People ever inquiring me if Im gon na retrieve them if Is make it. and I ever tell them. Will you retrieve me if i don’t? † The true significance of the movie goes manner beyond the secret plan of doing it to the NBA. The film’s bequest has little to make with hoops. The game itself stands as a metaphorical representation of â€Å"making it. † non to the NBA. but doing it out a hapless state of affairs and doing it through to the Gatess of felicity. intent and peace. Gates. now a curate. recalls back to the movie in speaking about that period in his life when watched 20 of his friends die in gang-related deceases. In the movie entirely gates callbacks. â€Å"ten of them are no longer with us† ( Ebert. 3 ) . The human calamities in this narrative far outweigh the existent athleticss facets of the movie. in the terminal holding no important. Kids born into ‘ghettos’ face hurdlings that still exist across the state today and in no lesser signifier of corruptness. Hoop Dreams had such personal resonance to my life that some parts of the movie were even hard to get down. It connected to my personal experiences with College hoops and the internal conflicts that accompany that force per unit area. I played college hoops for two old ages before discontinuing. happening Arthur’s experience to be comparable to what I went through. This movie shows the extent of importance that participants have to desire it for themselves. No 1 can make it for you. Basketball stopped being a game one time the dreams of people I care about ended up on my shoulders. precisely as Williams duologue confessed. You have to desire it so bad that you sacrifice everyone and everything else. William gave up desiring that dream and wanted something else. There is no failure in that pick. there is no shame. Andrew’s female parent says directly to the camera. â€Å"You are somebody no affair where you go. Its what you have in your bosom that makes you travel someplace. † It takes old ages to re-identify with yourself absent a athletics every bit demanding as hoops in this state. An unaccountable and unhealthy fond regard grows between you and keeping excellence in something. even a game. I respected the game excessively much to go on playing it in a status of bitterness and those subjects of felicity and personal pick shined through the game. This movie shows the love that these male childs had for a game that gave them light amidst their unforgiving milieus. William and Arthur lived through political. fiscal and outside emphasiss which decay that beauty until the game no longer exists. but becomes a â€Å"job† as William quoted. The fact that both supporters were friends. that they loved each other. instantly threw an dry facet into the narrative. Both characters were shot in contrast. in direct competition with each other. James used parallel redacting manners in games were both characters had opportunities to win the game. Parallel redacting showed William stand outing in school. and Arthur struggled to the point of neglecting. They were in competition on screen. and yet. they were ever friends- a fact the way does non allow us cognize until the flood tide. The declaration of Hoop Dreams concentrated on the felicity in household and friendly relationship. All that was corrupted by the system faded off and the dream came back into focal point. In the movies reasoning minutes. Arthur grants lucidity to the films message. â€Å"We ever dreamed. like me and WIlliam. taking them down to province together. Possibly we coulda went down to province and possibly we couldn’t of. but we did when I was at St. I was at Marshall. † Their hoop dreams did come true. Bibliography Bellour. Raymond. and Constance Penley. The Analysis of Film. Bloomington: Indiana UP. 2000. Print. Ebert. Roger. â€Å"Roger Ebert’s Journal. † Roger Ebert’s Journal. Chicago Sun-Times. n. d. Web. 04 Dec. 2012. . Ellis. Jack C. . and Betsy A. McLane. A New History of Documentary Film. New York: Continuum. 2005. Print. Nichols. Bill. Representing World: Issues and Concepts in Documentary. Bloomington: Indiana UP. 1991. Print. IMDb. IMDb. com. n. d. Web. 05 Dec. 2012. Saldana. Matt. â€Å"Indy Week. † Indy Week. N. p. . 6 Apr. 2009. Web. 05 Dec. 2012.

Why did you choose medical field an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

Why did you choose medical field? I want to continue pursuing a career in medical laboratory technology. There may be several reasons for this. However, I do feel that the most important thing of this profession is that you never not to stop learning. There is something new and interesting always to learn. You tend to gain from each and every case presented, and this finally adds to the experience and knowledge. Need essay sample on "Why did you choose medical field?" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed University Students Usually Tell EssayLab specialists: How much do I have to pay someone to write my assignment online? Essay writers recommend: Essay Helper Website Order Essay Online Cheap Cheap Reliable Essay Writing Service Custom Writing Service Medicine often utilizes the most advanced technology. Priority is given to provide latest technology to the medical field, as this profession is directly responsible for saving the lives of many. As a part of the medical field, I feel lucky that I would one of the first to access such technology and stay ahead of the other professions. The technology utilized is plain, simplified, and always user-friendly. Following the advancement of technology, there is always a creation of new posts. I have observed that in the medical field, professionals are always required, as there is an increase in the population and an enhancement in the lifespan of human beings. This offers the job security no other profession would be offering. There was a serious shortage of healthcare professionals in the 1950s and 1960s, following the baby boom. Again the population is beginning to rise, and by the year 2008, jobs in the US healthcare industry would increase by 26%. In the medical laboratory technology field, various positions can be easily taken up such as clinical positions, leadership positions, research positions and even teaching positions. There seem to be a lot of options for those taking up this field. As a part and parcel of the medical field, it would be an honor to work with a team of doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals. The medical profession is a noble profession, as it is directly responsible for saving the lives of people. This gives me a lot of honor, for the profession I am working in. The field of medical laboratory technology also permits for specialization in various specialties such as clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology, hematology, histology, transfusion, cytology, clinical genetics, immunology, electron microscopy, virology, parasitological, and cytometry. When working as a medical laboratory technologist, I am faced with a lot of challenges. However, with hard-work, these challenges can be overcome, and this would give me a lot of satisfaction in fulfilling my job and doing my duties. References: Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Science (2006). Becoming a Medical Laboratory Technologist.

Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Essays

Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Essays Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Paper Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Paper Peoples have debated whether leaders are born or made for centuries. However. I am perfectly positive that good leaders are made than Borns. If you have the desire and self-control. you can go an effectual leader. â€Å"Good leaders can develop through a neer stoping procedure of self-study. instruction. preparation and experience† ( Jago. 1982 ) . To animate workers into higher degrees of teamwork. there are certain things a leader must be. cognize. and. make. These do non come of course. but are acquired through continual work and survey. Good leaders are continually working and analyzing to better their leading accomplishments ; they are NOT resting on their awards. Definition of Leadership Before we get started. let’s define and understand about leading. Leadership is a procedure by which a individual influences others to carry through an nonsubjective and directs the organisation in a manner that makes it more cohesive and coherent. Leaderships carry out this procedure by using their leading attributes. such as beliefs. values. moralss. character. cognition. and accomplishments. In the field of organisational acquisition. leading entered the treatment as a placeholder for the organisation. Initial constructs of leading in organisational acquisition were based on the impression of the dominant alliance. Organizational acquisition theoreticians had suggested that the senior direction squad. or dominant alliance. was in fact the organisation degree of organisational acquisition. Furthermore. leading has been described as the â€Å"process of societal influence in which one individual enlist the assistance and support of others in the achievement of a common undertaking. Harmonizing to Ken â€Å"SKC† Ogbonnia. â€Å"effective leading is the ability to successfully incorporate and maximise available resources within the internal and external environment for the attainment of organisational or society end. Charismatic Leaderships are made but non born. However. there are many knowing and motivated people who lack of the cognition to take others. So they don’t assume leading places. or if they do. they don’t do really good in them. Therefore. to go a made leader. we need to cognize about the feature of a leader for us to larn and research from at that place. Having personal appeal is an of import quality to any successful leader. that’s all extremely successful people must develop to maximise their success in leading functions. every bit good as usage it to derive a great advantage over their competition. Charisma can be explained as an undefinable personal magnetic attraction that helps pull people to you. and makes them desire to collaborate and work with you to carry through your dreams. To increase your ain degree of personal appeal. you must foremost be assurance in your ain vision. If you have a clear vision of what you want to carry through. so you need to concentrate on puting end for yourself. and do program to accomplish them without hold. The clearer you are about your intent. and how you are be aftering to accomplish it. will of course to pull others to assist and back up you in any manner they can. However. some say magnetic is born but non made. Yes. it’s. But without the born personal appeal. you can besides increase the degree of you charisma by speaking and interaction with other. certain interactions and wagess addition get downing relationships. such as a Celebrity utilizing a Charming Introduction will immediately hold a new friend. Charisma skill-building requires friends and relationships to come on. Personality and Physical Build Besides. the personality is besides an of import component to go a made leader. great leaders must hold the ability to project themselves. to pass on with subsidiaries in order to carry through a undertaking by teamwork. The dictionary definition of personality is the aggregation of emotional and behavioral traits that characterize a individual. That is. your personality is how you present yourself to the universe. It is how others see you. Is that of import for leading effectivity? I think so. Your public character is the accelerator for inscribing followings. For illustration. you might be typically dominant. or possibly you’re ever a friendly individual. or even person who takes really few hazards. These illustrations are personality traits. You may besides merely better your personality by your visual aspect such as frock up and do up good as the visual aspect oneself ever the first feeling they given to other. Aside of personality. physical physique is besides a trait of feature for being a leader. this can be made and improved by one ego. For illustration. the kids now are largely taller and stronger than their parents because of the better knowledegement attention. Endowment. accomplishments and knowledge Beyond the personal traits of a leader. leading endowment. accomplishments and knowledge person must get the hang if they want to be a leader. Leadership endowment is those unconditioned traits that a individual is born with but which they need to work on to develop their potency. Leadership accomplishments are learned behaviors that a individual patterns and hones over clip. And leading cognition is acquired larning about the methods. schemes. successes and failures of other leaders in concern and in different walks of life. The traits include intelligence. creativeness. diplomatic negotiations. strength. and organisational ability. The difference of the three is an intrinsic character of the leader and the latter two are learned. And an effectual leader combines all three: harnessing mixture of their natural feature. their erudite replicable behaviours. and their mental informations and larning into their ain alone manner to showing themselves as a leader. Knowing good of the managerial map Besides. cognizing good of the managerial map is besides a must for a made leader. From daily operating. they should be able to larn about planning. forming. staffing. directing and commanding in order to take their subsidiaries in an effectual manner. Planing refers to expect the chance. jobs and conditions and taking from among the option of future classs or actions. That includes prediction. scheduling. programming and etc. The organisation maps consist of developing the organisation. deputing authorization and set uping dealingss. Staffing is about be aftering the organisation with suited forces constitutes the staffing map. Direction map involves pull offing people and work through the agencies of motive. proper leading. effectual communicating and coordination. Controling map enables direction to guarantee the accomplishment is in conformity with the established programs. Communication accomplishment Furthermore. to be a made leader. we should develop ourselves to do effectual communicating thru experience. The communicating accomplishment can decidedly be improved if you have the desire to make it. a smart leader must ever the â€Å"30 seconds message† which conveying the most of import message within the shortest clip. Effective communicating is more than merely being able to talk and compose. A leader’s communicating must travel people to work toward the end the leader has chosen. Besides that. a leader has to be able to actuate everyone to lend. Each of us have different â€Å"button† . a great leader should cognize how to force to right button on everyone to do them truly desire to make their best to accomplish the leader’s end. This is decidedly non born because leader could press the right buttons on everyone through understanding their personality. Honesty and Integrity. Forward looking. Independence and Innovation. In add-on. the feature of a leader is besides consisted by honestness and unity. frontward looking. independency and invention. Once should non even be considered to go a leader without holding demonstrated the honestness. unity and trustiness to hold and keep a place of public trust. At all degrees. persons with unity and honestness show moral bravery by making the right thing even when it is non popular or by showing dissent when actions or pending determinations would go against organisational and/or constitutional values. Torahs. and ordinances. In add-on. they confront unethical behaviour in others. Furthermore. the candidly and unity is about following regulations and ordinance. this is made as we have no pick but have to follow the regulations and ordinance of the organisation. As a great leader. we ever need to be advanced toward any issue or job. When people do non see their leader forward-looking. that leader is normally enduring from one of two possible jobs which are the leader doesn’t have a advanced vision and the leader is unwilling or scared to portion the vision with others. The advanced attitude can be influenced by those people who are environing us with positive-minded. this can be made but non born. Last but non least. a great leader is besides an pioneer. Invention is about doing new tools. merchandises and procedure. convey forth something â€Å"new† which allows human being to carry through something they were non able to carry through antecedently. We can be invention through survey. research. discuss and deliberated from past experience. Leaderships must be tough plenty to contend. tender adequate to shout. human plenty to do errors. low plenty to acknowledge them. strong plenty to absorb the hurting. and resilient plenty to resile back and maintain on traveling. Leaderships must be tough plenty to contend. tender adequate to shout. human plenty to do errors. low plenty to acknowledge them. strong plenty to absorb the hurting. and resilient plenty to resile back and maintain on traveling. Leader is made because a individual becomes a leader through life and work experiences. through wise mans and personal contemplation. Leader takes clip to develop and they were made merely like anything else. through difficult work. If you are given a opportunity. you pattern. you can besides be a leader.

No topic Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

No topic - Personal Statement Example In fact, since California is well known for its good historical sites such as The California Historical Center and Foundation, I look forward to a resourceful study program in UC because I am assured of highly qualified professors also (Kinginger 121). This will offer a good platform in my career because I am certain of developing the relevant knowledge and experience in archeological studies. There are various courses that are offered in California and this offers a good opportunity to students to explore various areas of study to achieve their career objectives. There are a significant number of students who enroll in the University and end up as proficient employees in various areas of study. However, there some courses that are not available in UC but they are available in other abroad countries. For instance, I have come to learn that at my home country there are courses like cultural studies, agricultural programs and some linguistic studies that are not available in the University of California. These courses are offered in relation to their application within the economy of the country and the linguistic studies are based on languages that are compatible to the local communities (Kinginger 59). My level of proficiency in English is above average. Though I am not a native English speaker, I have gained a lot of proficiency in English since I started learning English in my junior classes up to the university level. I have been doing studies through English and hence I have gained considerable proficiency in written English and spoken English. I am also good in reading and listening to comprehension and the only challenge to me would the understanding English that uses a lot of jargon or difficult words since I am not a native speaker. The U.S based English wouldn’t also be a challenge to me since it doesn’t have huge distinction

Operations Management - An Integrated Approach Case Study - 4

Operations Management - An Integrated Approach - Case Study Example The bank is concentrating on a customer-based change, in a bid to exacerbate its competitive advantage. Staffing, layout, and facilities are the critical targeted aspects in the customer service pursuit (Dan Reid & Sanders, 2005). The operations management should further account for an all-around treatment of operations components. These are quality, speed, dependability, flexibility, and cost (Dan Reid & Sanders, 2005). Since the bank is concerned with the customer aspect, the cost factor does not count in the required changes. However, it is important for the management to ensure that the bank operates within budget. The bank’s strategy to enhance its competitive advantage should target quality of its financial services, the speed of service at all levels, institutional dependability and flexibility of financial services to suit the different customers served. Facility upgrades will also complement these undertakings. A strategy tailored towards cutting costs rather than promoting customer service would require operational adjustments and re-adjustments where possible. Cutting on costs means that no additional costs can be incurred, and the already observed budget should be on the verge of declining. The improvements aforementioned in question two may need to be re-evaluated. The primary concern would be to enhance efficiency and effectiveness of the already functioning system in the bank. Facility upgrades may not be employed, but the quality, speed, dependability and flexibility aspects can be redesigned to become more efficient at the current or even lesser  budget.

Explain how large companies raise capital from the equity and bond Essay

Explain how large companies raise capital from the equity and bond markets. Discuss the relevance of the capital asset pricing model ( CAPM) to company seeking evaluate its cost of capital - Essay Example The firm has to decide whether to raise funds through common stock, preferred stock, bonds or hybrid securities or a combination. In the case of common stock, the firm has to decide whether it should it be rights issue or public issue. The company can put on offer its block of securities for sale to the highest bidder or negotiate a deal with the investment banker. Since in the latter, the investment bankers should carry out a substantial investigation, they would do it for best known companies. Otherwise, the prohibitive costs and uncertainty of clinching the deal would make the bidding for lesser known companies unattractive for the investment bankers. Therefore, only the very large companies, about 100 of the largest companies in New York stock exchange have a choice of seeking competitive bidding for their offering. Others have only an option of negotiated deal with an investment banker. In case of a negotiated deal, the firm has to select an investment banker. Most of the investment banks operate in niches. For instance, older and larger veteran merchant bankers such as Morgan Stanley deal mainly with IBM, AT&T and Exxon and such and Drexel Burnham Lambert deals with speculative issues. Some investment bankers have penchant for new issues, while some others with a conservative brokerage client base would not take up speculative and risky issues. In Stage 2, the firm’s initial decisions will be revisited by the merchant banker. For instance, the merchant banker, after studying the environmental trends, may recommend and convince the management to change their earlier plan of raising $200 million by selling common stock to raising $100 million by common stock and the rest by the issue of bonds. In this stage, the firm and investment banker will come to a conclusion as to whether the banker will work on the best efforts basis or will underwrite the issue. In the best efforts basis, the banker does not assume

Importance Of A Teaching Philosophy Education Essay

Importance Of A Teaching Philosophy Education Essay Alhamdulillah, my teaching experience began when I was still a student in secondary school. The recess and breaks were the occasions for me to involve myself in the teaching process. This continued at home whereby I used to get phone calls from my friends to explain about a particular topic from subjects like mathematics, physics and chemistry. After graduating from college, I worked for six months as teacher in a private secondary school in my locality before engaging myself into tertiary studies. Hence, I could say that working as a teacher after my graduation from university is something I would consider as normal. Actually, I am in my fifth year as an educator and Alhamdulillah, I had the experience of working in three different schools with students, both boys and girls, from different socio-cultural backgrounds. In the following chapters, I would like to share my teaching philosophy. But first, the importance of developing ones teaching philosophy will be discussed. Chapter Two Importance of a Teaching Philosophy A teaching philosophy statement is a systematic and critical rationale that focuses on the important components defining effective teaching and learning in a particular discipline and/or institutional context (Schonwetter et all, 2002, p.84). According to Campos (2010, p.2), it states our learning experiences, goals, beliefs, level of professionalism and self-development among many other elements. As for Natasha Kenny (2008, p.8), an educational developer at the University of Guelph, a teaching philosophy statement clearly and logically communicates what your fundamental values and beliefs are about teaching and learning, why you hold these values and beliefs, and how you translate these values and beliefs into your everyday teaching and learning experiences. Regarding the importance of developing a teaching philosophy, Coppola (2002, p.450) states that the teaching statement gives you a starting point for examining your teaching practices, allows you to share your ideas with others, and allows you to monitor the progress of your own development as a teacher. Brookfield (1990) identified four different purposes in developing a teaching philosophy. These purposes are: Personal purpose; it is good that your teaching philosophy reflects why you are doing what you are doing. Political purpose; your teaching philosophy needs to show that your position is grounded in a well-developed and carefully philosophy of practice. This helps you to gain respect, which is important to grow yourself in the political area. Professional purpose; your teaching philosophy needs to show your professional goals to develop an identity that will help you to improve the development of professional strengths among other teachers. Pedagogical purpose; teaching is about growing and finding new ways to develop your lessons according to the learners needs, so your teaching philosophy should show what effect you are having on students and on their learning? Chapter Three My Teaching Philosophy 3.1 Teaching in General Teaching should be such that what is offered is perceived as a valuable gift rather than a hard duty Albert Einstein Alhamdulillah, since I began teaching, I had the occasion to teach different subjects, besides Mathematics, like English Literature, Computer Studies and Integrated Science to students with a broad range of needs, knowledge, and cultural backgrounds. Apart from working as educator in colleges, I also try to help my friends and others outside school. Moreover, I used to give a special course on Tajweed to my brothers of the Islamic faith in the mosque. I once had the opportunity to teach a friend who was undertaking his undergraduate degree in Mathematics and he was older than me. Several important general principles that I try to use in my teaching practice can be formulated as follows: No matter how experienced a teacher is, every new class and every new student pose a challenge. For excellence in teaching, there is always room for improvement. A teacher has to appeal to different learning styles, to offer a variety of instructional experiences, and to keep an open mind to new teaching techniques to give every student the opportunity to participate fully and actively in the learning process. Being a successful teacher depends on creating a learning environment with the open exploration of ideas, a relationship in which students feel respected as well as challenged. Students should be encouraged to stretch themselves a bit beyond their level of comfort and be given an opportunity to leave every class feeling that they have overcome a new challenge successfully. Teaching should be an integral component of the creation of new knowledge, an initial step toward continuing education, and first of all, self-education. Though student satisfaction is important for better learning, teaching especially in mathematics should not become a popularity contest, or a show. A teacher is responsible to the society in general, and should resist the pressure of lowering academic standards in education. 3.2 Teaching of Mathematics We could use up two Eternities in learning all that is to be learned about our own world and the thousands of nations that have arisen and flourished and vanished from it.   Mathematics alone would occupy me eight million years Mark Twain Mathematics is like draughts [checkers] in being suitable for the young, not too difficult, amusing, and without peril to the state Plato Being a mathematics teacher as well as a lover of the subject, there are some features of mathematics that makes it a very special discipline. To name a few: Mathematics is an excellent intellectual game where all the players win. Mathematics is also a model that can be used for developing independent and critical thinking. Mathematics can be seen as a language that allows us to communicate ideas precisely between ourselves. Lastly, mathematics is a tool used in natural sciences and, thus, a required discipline for many students. The above statements alone motivate me to share my mathematical knowledge, among others, to my students. However, my goals for teaching mathematics are many. Firstly, communicate to my students that mathematics is a fun and improve their confidence about mathematics as well as reducing their anxiety about mathematics. Other goals are: Detect and fill gaps in students prior math knowledge Develop a mathematical sense about quantities, geometry, and symbols Develop a variety of problem-solving strategies and basic computational skills Enable and empower students Enable students to make judgments based on quantitative information, to prove basic results, to read mathematics effectively and to understand their own thought processes Encourage a broader interest in mathematics Ensure that students really understand concepts Establish constructive student attitudes about mathematics Facilitate acquisition of life-long learning skills Foster a desire to ask mathematics questions, critical thinking, student discovery of mathematics and foster understanding of the proofs of key theorems Teach the beauty of mathematics Help students learn the key theorems and their applications Improve students understanding of technology Improve students writing abilities Increase the number of mathematics majors as well as the students mathematical knowledge Model expert problem-solving Motivate students to make an effort to learn mathematics Open the doors to other opportunities for students Prepare future mathematicians, students for technical careers and students to be knowledgeable adults Teach applications to other fields; especially for abstract subjects like vectors whereby students often ask the question: where will vectors used us in our life? Teach calculator and computer skills, fundamental concepts, generalizing, logical reasoning, mathematical writing, predicting, problem-solving and proof-reading of mathematics Teach students how to translate back and forth between words and mathematics Teach students to work collaboratively It is, unfortunately, very difficult to try to show the real beauty of mathematics in the framework of most existing curricula as they are designed to feed students with often more facts than anyone could swallow. Just covering the required material usually takes a bit more time than is available. Another problem is that mathematics as a language can be quite technical, and to formulate something meaningful, one has to spend years learning rules of the mathematical grammar first. I consider mathematics to be a challenging subject to teach, which makes it especially attractive for me. I try to use every possibility to expose students to the exciting world of mathematics, often implicitly, so they may not even notice it at first. I think that students participation is crucial for learning mathematics. 3.3 Teaching Styles and Methods My mathematics classroom features multiple of methods of instruction that depends on: the subject matter of the lesson, that is, the topic to be taught and my experience with how individual students and classes best learn mathematics. On some occasions, the student-centred approach or whole-class discussions are undertaken while on other occasions, small-group investigations are carried out and still others see individuals working one-on-one with another student or with me. This classroom interaction helps build relationships between my students and I and simultaneously, among the students themselves. These various classroom practices help address the varied learning styles found in the mathematics classroom. Furthermore, I prepare my classes meticulously, but I like to improvise whenever possible. I dislike being interrupted during my explanation but I love it when the students ask questions afterwards; and I congratulate them for any good questions and comments. I open each session with a brief reminder of the previous sessions material and an outline of the days topic, and I typically conclude with a summary of key points. There is a special session for review before every major test. I usually speak clearly, loudly, and slowly, but enthusiastically. Students are encouraged to learn from each other as their grades are not curved, thus, students are not competing with their classmates. In some classes, especially my Integrated Science classes, I give group projects and homework, depending on the topic being covered. When possible, I distribute solutions to homework problems, quizzes, and tests. To reduce students anxiety about tests, I normally give my students revision exercises before any major test and I encourage them to work extra problems on their own and come to see me for any problems. I do not consider memorization to be the most important in mathematics classes; this is why I make and encourage my students a lot to practice maximum number of problems. If the curriculum would have allowed it, I would make all my tests open-book/notes. Assignments and projects are naturally integrated into my courses. I spend time explaining the assignments and solving similar problems in class for further discussion. 3.4 Use of Technology I remember that once I was in a meeting with my above seventy year old rector and he told me: In my time, when we had to do a mathematical calculation, we used the logarithm table and he asked me whether I knew how to use the logarithm table! Alhamdulillah, today we have the electronic calculator. This little piece of technology is the only electronic device that our students can use in their studies as the different curricula do not cater for the use of other electronic devices in the examination room. I would have loved to see a change in these curricula which would enable more the use of technology in the learning of mathematics. Personally, I am a great fan of the newest educational software that may be used in the teaching and learning process. At present, to use mathematical software at college would appear unrealistic but I hope to find a change soon in the curricula which will make it real. However, students first need to understand that technology is a tool, much like a comp ass or a protractor, and that technology must be used only as a tool. Central to my use of technology in the classroom is the idea that students must understand what they are doing mathematically even when they use technology as an aid. As mentioned earlier, the most ubiquitous piece of technology in and out of the classroom is the electronic calculator. While the calculator can be a useful tool to lessen the drudgery of calculations, it is important for students to be able to function without it. This does not mean that calculators should not be used, but rather that students should have some intuition about whether an answer is reasonable. The use of calculators and other technology can improve a students intuition of mathematics and mathematical reasoning. While most exercises in a statistics class have relatively small data sets, using premade data sets and computer programs allows students to gain real experience with professional tools and helps them visualize trends. The use of computer software with prepared examples is very useful for in-class visualizations in different courses, such as differential equations, calculus, and even pre-calculus. While doing the assignment for the module Instructional Technolo gy for my Bed Course, I came across software called Yenka which provides simulations. I really appreciated the part on probability where while explaining the different outcomes when tossing two coins, there a simulation actually tossing the two coins. I hope, insha Allah, to use it when I explaining this topic t my students in the near future. With the advent of tablet PCs, I am hopeful, insha Allah, that it is only a matter of time before the use of mathematical software and online examination at secondary level will be implemented. But, at the same time, I strongly oppose the abuse of technology. There are courses in mathematics, where students need to learn how to use their brain rather than calculators/computers. In my short experience in teaching, I came across an HSc (Higher School Certificate) student doing the simple arithmetic problem using a calculator!!! 3.5 My Best Personal Achievement Facilitate things to people and do not make it hard for themà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Prophet Muhammad (Peace and Blessing of God Almighty be upon Him) I sincerely believe that the best academic performance of a student is not to see the high-flyer student being ranked first at the end of the year but rather to see the low-achiever student able to answer almost all questions of the same exam paper correctly at the end of the year and have a very good result, regardless of his/her overall rank. At my school, the concept of streaming is applied to separate the best students, often labeled as the high-flyers, and those less able students, often labeled as low-achiever students (some proponents of the Marxist view will disagree totally with this concept). Last year, I had the opportunity to work with the less able students of Form I and Form II, teaching Integrated Science. Alhamdulillah, I was motivated but I could that a lot of these students lack motivation. Furthermore, some of them came from poor socio-background and some came from broken families. There was even a child who repeated Form I! So, at first it seems very difficult to expect that half of them would understand the different topics even more so that they would pass their final year exam. After all, we are talking about Science which supposedly is a subject for the intelligent students. I figured out that I should use a different approach with them. Finally, I opted for the Learning by Fun concept. It required much more energy from me but Alhamdulillah, I do not regret for one second all the energy used that year when working with these students as the reason is obvious; almost all pupils not only passed the final year examination but they actually obtained very good results Masha Allah. The icing on the cake was when the head of the science department informed me that the rector was very pleased with the result. 3.6 Concluding Notes I believe that each child is a unique individual who needs a secure, caring, and stimulating atmosphere in which to grow and mature emotionally, intellectually, physically, and socially. It is my desire as an educator to help students meet their fullest potential in these areas by providing an environment that is safe, supports risk-taking, and invites a sharing of ideas. There are three essential elements that I believe are conducive to establishing such an environment, the teacher acting as a guide, allowing the childs natural curiosity to direct his/her learning, and promoting respect for all things and all people. When the teachers role is to guide, providing access to information rather than acting as the primary source of information, the students search for knowledge is met as they learn to find answers to their questions. For students to construct knowledge, they need the opportunity to discover for themselves and practice skills in authentic situations. Providing students access to hands-on activities and allowing adequate time and space to use materials that reinforce the lesson being studied creates an opportunity for individual discovery and construction of knowledge to occur. Equally important to self-discovery is having the opportunity to study things that are meaningful and relevant to ones life and interests. Developing a curriculum around student interests fosters intrinsic motivation and stimulates the passion to learn. Helping students to develop a deep love and respect for themselves, others, and their environment occurs through an open sharing of ideas and a judicious approach to discipline. When the voice of each student is heard, and environment evolves where students feel free to express themselves. Class meetings are one way to encourage such dialogue. I believe children have greater respect for their teachers, their peers, and the lessons presented when they feel safe and sure of what is expected of them. In setting fair and consistent rules initially and stating the importance of every activity, students are shown respect for their presence and time. In turn they learn to respect themselves, others, and their environment. For me, teaching provides an opportunity for continual learning and growth. One of my hopes as an educator is to instill a love of learning in my students, as I share my own passion for learning with them. I feel there is a need for compassionate, strong, and dedicated individuals who are excited about working with children. In our competitive society it is important for students to not only receive a solid education, but to work with someone who is aware of and sensitive to their individual needs. Alhamdulillah, I am such a person and will always strive to be the best educator that I can be.

Instilled Heritage Essay -- essays research papers fc

Instilled Heritage Alice Walker usually puts herself into characters that she writes about in her stories. However, you don’t understand this unless you know about her. Staring with this let us find out about who she is and where she came from. When recounting the life of Alice Walker, you find out that she was born to sharecroppers in Eatonton, Georgia in 1944 and was the baby of eight children. She lost one of her eyes when her brother shot her with a BB gun by accident. She was valedictorian of her class in high school and with that and receiving a scholarship; she went to Spelman, a college for black women, in Atlanta. She then transferred to Sarah Lawrence College in New York and during her time there went Africa as an exchange student. She received her Bachelor of Arts degree from Sarah Lawrence in 1965. She was active in the Civil Rights Movement of the 60’s and as of the 90’s she is still an involved activist. She started her own publishing company in 1984, Wild Tree Press. She is an acclaimed writer and has even received a Pulitzer Prize for the movie, The Color Purple. What is it about her that makes her works so meaningful and persuasive? What provoked her to write what she has? One of her works, a short story called Everyday Use, is a story that she herself can be pictured in. During the opening of this story you find a woman with her two daughters. She and one of her daughters, Maggie, have just cleaned and beautified the yard of their new house. It is very comforting sitting under the Elm tree that is present and blocks the wind from going through the house. It is a place that you feel enveloped in comfort and love. Maggie and Dee, the other daughter are very different, and it is very apparent that mother, is not your ‘everyday’ woman. She, the mother, is â€Å"a larger woman that can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man’ (American Lit, p. 2470). She has no problems doing what needs to be done in order to feed and protect her family. However, the daughters are quite opposite; you have the one, Maggie that has been badly burned and is much scarred, and then Dee, the African Princess want to be. Maggie is very envious of her sis ter and is waiting for the day that she leaves, to further her education. Mother only made it to second grade and back then there wasn’t much to say or do about it, so she settled with what she had. Through the church ... ... lives were lived, that we survived on scraps and patches, the leftovers from the ancestors; we take what no one wanted and make it into something that is loveable and cherished. The heritage that you are looking for is probably looking you in the face. Look around you, discover what you know is there. Remember what brought you where you are and how you got there. Your family is your heritage, no matter the consequences or heartbreaks that happen along the way. There is a reason for everything and it is only then that you can really say that instead of just showing off what you have received or found, put it to Everyday Use. It is everyday that we learn something new. When learning these things, use what you already know to lead the way for your followers to find what they are looking for, heritage is never far from anyone, as a matter of fact, it is instilled in everyone. Works Cited 1. Helga Hoel. "Alice Walker's Everyday Use." Essay on Alice Walker. 17 January 2005. 08 March 2005 . 2. Klinkowitz, Pritchard, Wallace. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2003.

Psychology Homework Essay

The argument I have chosen to use is one that was between my friends and I. It was the early hours of the morning and we were at a Jacuzzi party. We were discussing the topic of wages and how much those of us who worked were earning. We then started talking about football players and how they earn millions of pounds for doing a very unnecessary and over paid job; compared to people who offer a service for the country such as those in the NHS or the armed forces who spend all day risking their lives or saving other peoples. The two main points of the argument were: 1. ‘Yes, Footballers are over paid but that is the way it is and that’s how it fits into the national framework’ – This point was shared by everyone in the argument, except one person 2. ‘Footballers are paid to much and it should be changed now! ’ – This point was shared by one person The people who believed in point 1, myself included showed how their point was valid. They showed that even thought it is not morally right for footballers to earn that much money compared to the amount of work they do or in comparison to people in public services but that is the way it is and with out them Public services would not be able to run as easily. We showed this by explaining the national frame work. The money that is earnt by the footballers is taxed greatly, some as much as 40%, This money is then distributed between education, social security, the NHS and many other things. The other person was still on a one tracked mind that it was just wrong and should be changed. So we explained it again and after much persuasion he started to see things our way. He then started to change the argument and incorporated big companies such as McDonald’s and Nike. His point was that they employ people in under developed countries to work for them because it’s cheap labour and it allows them to make a massive profit margin. The whole group agree that this was wrong but being the well balanced young adults we are, we looked at both sides. Some of our outcomes were that even though to us it seems like an unacceptable wage, the people employed are at least employed. We went far beyond people in Asia and right to where we lived. To other people, 16 and 17 year olds being paid just over minimum wage to work long hours and do jobs other people would say no to, is fine by them. In fact, after this argument a lot of people involved realised it was about themselves. How ironic?

Powerlessness in the face of evil Essay Example

Powerlessness in the face of evil Essay Example Powerlessness in the face of evil Essay Powerlessness in the face of evil Essay Most Peoples have experienced. at one clip or another. the defeat of merely non being able to get away a idea. If it is simply a vocal that keeps traveling through our head. or a positive or impersonal image. the job is merely that: defeat. But when it is an evil thought. our inability to throw it off. no affair what a individual do. may drive into great interior demand. For some people. it is a inquiry of enviousness or green-eyed monster ; others are tormented by misgiving and vindictive ideas ; still others seem to fight endlessly with lubricious images and thoughts. Two things are really of import in our life. First. we should retrieve that we are non entirely in our battle. It is easy to bury this. particularly when our inner battle is long or intense. The battle is a cosmopolitan one. and may be overcome at least in portion by sharing it with person the stricken individual trusts. whether a curate or priest. a partner. a wise man. or a close friend. Second. people must stay reassured that there is a manner out. Once people give in to the devils of self uncertainty and fright. the conflict has already been lost. It is a general belief that the feeling of palsy or impotence in the face of evil prevarications. near to being possessed. It may even be ownership. One needs to exert cautiousness in utilizing the word- there is a province in which people might experience besieged by evil liquors. yet do non allow them take full ownership of us. What the New Testament calls ownership comes approximately when a individual is wholly dominated by the power of immorality. But one must acknowledge that therearepeople today in such a status. In a universe where everything is explained off by psychological science and psychopathology. it seems alluring to disregard the thought of ownership. Peoples have a medical label for every ailment and. it seems. a remedy. Yet there are so many people for whom psychopathology is finally of no aid! One has frequently wondered that would go on if Jesus were to see our overruning mental infirmaries. Suppression Though some evil ideas can be easy dismissed ( or overcome by a short supplication ) . others are much harder to throw out. In the instance of such besetting immorality ideas. our natural reaction is frequently suppression: to force the offending thought back down. deep into our subconscious. in order to free ourselves of it rapidly. But that neer works. As Freud and countless others have shown. a suppressed idea will ever resurface. merely like a corky bottle that is pushed below the H2O but bobs up once more every bit shortly as it is released. The lone alternative- to continue with the image of bottle- is to hold on it and throw it out of the H2O wholly. In other words. the most effectual manner to truly rid our head of a suppressed idea is to confront it forthrightly and reject it. God the Creator and Creation As a weak. despised. persecuted community who followed a crucified Messiah. the first Christians cognize all excessively good in their ain experience that after Easter Sunday the powers of darkness were still at work in and around them. But because they remembered the power of God that raised Jesus organize the dead and made him to be non merely their Godhead but the Lord of the whole universe. they were certain that nevertheless powerful the forces of immorality may be. nevertheless much harm they may still make. they are doomed to failure in their effort to take a throne that does non belong to them. These Christians. hence. looked frontward to the hereafter with the absolute certainty that the justness and love of God that had been winning would eventually be winning both in their ain lives and in the universe around them. The early Christians’ memory of Jesus’ Resurrection besides led them to retrieve the cross of Christ in a new manner. It became for them a mark non merely of Jesus’ ( and God’s ) impotence in the in the face of immorality but besides a mark of love of Jesus ( and God ) . which was so great that he ( and the God who sent him ) was willing to endure and even decease for needy. agony. iniquitous people. If the memory of Jesus’ Resurrection meant assurance in God’s emancipating power over the powers of immorality. the memory of Jesus’ cross meant assurance in the self-giving. enduring love of a Christ ( and God ) that was present with them even in the deepnesss of their agony and deceasing. It meant that nil could divide us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord James Charlesworth. with many others. sees apocalypticism as ensuing from a prostration in the universe of significance. The revelatory texts are a plaint over the failure of ordinary historical procedure to decide human jobs. They are a eulogium over an dog-tired. raddled Earth and the present age of enduring. and they culminate in a vision of a new age in which the wolf shall populate with the lamb and peace will predominate throughout the universe. One side of Hebraic apocalypticism is irenic and conciliatory- the states will eventually be at peace with one another- while the other side is militant and vengeful- the enemies of god’s people ( either all Gentiles or some of them ) will endure ultimate licking and receive penalty for their wickednesss. Chemical reactions to apocalypticism have varied. but a common modern rest is to see it as dreamer. It tells that though the present universe is filled with unbelievable immorality. there is a realm beyond where God victory. the righteous flourish. and the wicked suffer. Once once more. the lines are slightly bleary in every bit much as the classical Hebrew prophets all announced that ultimate redemption was God’s work and non a human achievement. Apocalypticism is in consequence an intensification of the sense of human impotence in the face of immorality. Spoting the Godhead The first Christians remembered Jesus. the tragic and guiltless victim of immorality who cried. My God. my God. why have you forsaken me? merely to retrieve besides that Jesus subsequently had been raised by God’s power. winning over the worst that immorality could make. Christ is risen! From the beginning there were marks among trusters that the Spirit of Jesus was kick offing the land of life in the face of the still present land of decease. The world if Resurrection provided a new manner of sing the cross of Jesus. More than a mark of God’s impotence in the face of immorality. the cross became a mark of God’s astonishing love that transforms the worst of immorality into the comprehensiveness of life. Faith in a merely and loving God is non based on good or bad experience in the immediate nowadays. One helpful reply to the disturbing inquiry Why is at that place evil if God is good and almighty? It is called the logic of love theodicy. This logic presumes that God originally created for the interest of enabling loving relationships. a purpose necessitating the granting of existent freedom to the created. God will love. but in the procedure open the door to the potentially incorrect usage of freedom. which is evil ( live spelled rearward ) . Therefore. though God does non protect us from ourselves. God is at that place delivering every state of affairs. though precisely how. we may non yet ever know. Plants cited Arnold. Heini. Arnold. Heinrich. J.Freedom from Sinful Ideas. Plough Publishing House1997. pg. 33-35 Callen. L. Barry.Spoting the Godhead: God in Christian Theology. Geneve: Westminster John Knox Press 2004. pg. 134 Guthrie. C. Shirley.Christian Doctrine. Geneve: Westminster John Knox Press pg. 186 McClymond. James. Michael.Familiar Stranger: An Introduction to Jesus of Nazareth.WM. B. Eerdmans Printing 2004. pg. 70

Defining Democracy essays

Defining Democracy essays When formulating my definition of democracy, I was forced to use other examples of democracy as a basis, a starting point. One of the greatest sources of this information lay in Arend Lijpharts book, Patterns of Democracy. In this book, Lijphart discusses different definitions of democracy, exemplified through the use of models. In examining models such as the majority model, and the consensus model, Lijphart offers different definitions of what democracy really is. However, though these definitions may suffice for Lijphart, for me these definitions simply serve as a basis for a more complete and well-rounded definition of democracy, pulled from all of the aforementioned subjects. Before I may give my complete and concise definition of democracy, I must first examine some of the models of democracy that Lijphart mentions in his book. One of the first models of democracy mentioned in Lijpharts book is the majoritarian model of democracy. The to-the-point model basically favors the majority of the people, over the minority of the people (Lijphart, pg. 2). It states that in essence a majority government would be more, by the people, for the people, than a minority government (Lijphart, pg. 2). While this definition does seem adequate and provide a platform to begin, it has its issues too. This model does not account for tyranny of the majority, nor does it account for the lack of political knowledge frequently held by the masses, or the majority. In essence, it does provide one definition of democracy. Another model which resembles the majoritarian model of democracy is Lijpharts consensus model, is the model that as many people as possible is the definition of a democracy (Lijphart, pg. 2). While this model resembles the majoritarian model of democracy, it somehow requires that a democracy must hold as many people as possible, (Lijphart, pg. 2). While this may also appear to be a valid de...

The appearance of 'symbolism' and 'themes' found in Maya Angelou's, I Essay

The appearance of 'symbolism' and 'themes' found in Maya Angelou's, I know Why the Caged Bird Sings - Essay Example The years in between are marked by at least seven major upheavals of her life, moving from her parents home as a tiny child to her grandmother’s house in Stamps, back to St. Louis to live with her mother and back to Stamps following a rape by her mother’s boyfriend. Eventually, she is returned to her mother, this time in San Francisco. Her visit to her father in Southern California turns into a nightmare period of living on the streets until she is finally able to return to her mother’s home in San Francisco. Throughout the story, Angelou employs a great deal of symbolism to relate her personal journey to the greater journey of the black woman of her generation through such devices as Maya’s Easter Dress, Momma’s store, Maya’s rape at the age of eight, the metaphor of the cage and the concept of voice. The story begins with a particularly poignant scene from Maya’s early life in Stamps that instantly identifies the degree to which the black community was subdued under the yoke of white expectations through the symbol of the lavender dress. Although Maya’s community is entirely black, her ideals regarding what is beautiful are established by the white world outside. This concept is symbolized in the form of her lavender Easter dress. â€Å"I knew that once I put it on I’d look like a movie star †¦ I was going to look like one of the sweet little white girls who were everybody’s dream of what was right with the world† (Angelou 1). In this statement, Angelou captures the primary desire of all black girls of her generation and before and many since who have felt the only way to find social acceptance was to somehow rid oneself of one’s ‘blackness.’ Angelou herself has indicated that she â€Å"wasn’t thinking so much a bout my own life or identity. I was thinking about a particular time in which I lived and the influences of that time on a number of people †¦ I used the central figure –

THEORY OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND POLICY Assignment

THEORY OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND POLICY - Assignment Example Means by which managers can accomplish their malign interest is through compensation plan, perks, bonuses, travelling on corporate expenditure and scamming against the corporation. Introduction to Balance Sheet Approach: In order to check the quality of earnings two approaches are predominantly used, one of these approaches in balance-sheet approach. The aim of this approach is to assess the true magnitude of accruals because it is these accruals which lead to manipulative earnings (Aghion, Bacchetta, and Banerjee, 2004). Thus it is of utmost importance to locate them and rectify the manipulative action to see the true picture of the organization. As a general rule the higher the total accruals are as compared to percentage of assets, the greater the likelihood that earnings quality is low. Remember that accruals can be either a reflection of earnings manipulation or just normal accounting estimations based on future business expectations. It is difficult to determine which one is dr iving the accruals, but there is evidence that the size of accruals can be used as a rough measure for earnings manipulation (Mulder, Perrelli, and Rocha, 2012). Following are the series of formulas that are used to find the real values of accruals (Pasiouras, 2008): 1. Total Net Accruals = Accrual Earnings - Cash Earnings But the balance sheet doesn't directly tell us what accrual earnings were in the period, so further calculations are required to retrieve this information.   2. End Equity = Start Equity + Accrual Earnings - Cash Dividends - Stock Repurchases + Equity Issuances 3. Accrual Earnings =  ? Owners' Equity + Cash Dividends + Stock Repurchases - Equity Issuance = ? Owners' Equity + Net Cash Distributions to Equity 4. Accrual Earnings = ? Assets – ? Liabilities + Net Cash Distributions to Equity 5. Cash Earnings = ? Cash + Cash Dividends + Stock Repurchases - Equity Issuance = ? Cash + Net Cash Distributions to Equity 6. Total Net Accruals = Accrual Earnings - Cash Earnings = [? Assets – ? Liabilities + Net Cash Dist. to Equity] - [? Cash + Net Cash Dist. to Equity] 7. Total Net Accruals = ? Assets- ? Liabilities – ? Cash Reasons for the World Recession: Suppressing Demand of the World Market, leading to declining industrial growth and output, which further results in a negative mood spreading amongst the investors and a negative posture taken up by the overall economy (Torna and DeYoung, 2012). In the United States a housing bubble was being propelled by speculative behaviour. This speculative behaviour was fuelling the U.S economy. Federal Reserve’s irresponsible action to lower the interest rates encouraged a large inflow of foreign funds. This availability led to the creation of easy credit for borrowers, who started taking hefty home loans. As the demand for home loans soared this created an artificial demand in the housing market and an artificial price hike in the housing market. Since there was ample amount of money available in the economy the mortgage lenders started lending at an exponential rate and simultaneously lowered their lending standards. Such conditions helped individuals with poor credit history and those who made the NINJA category (No Income, No Job, No Assets), receive hefty amount of loan from the loan agencies for whatever purpose they see fit (Broeck and Guscina, 2011). Since the property market was on a role and was flushed with money, leading to

Does Free Trade Exist in Reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Does Free Trade Exist in Reality - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that as the world rotates, the flow of trade among nations also circles around those that are involved in it. Basically, these nations engage in trade for the benefit of the economy and the establishment of alliances. The common perception of many regarding the concept of free trade based on the word itself is that it is a free form of trade and that anybody or any nation may enter any marketplace without having to deal with any complexities because certainly, it is free. This conventional idea of free trade is to some degree justifiable; however, the non-vulnerability of free trade to any complexities is something that needs a more concise explanation. Because if one will consider free trade as trade without complexities, then the entrance of illegal objects from one nation to another is possible, but if a free trade will become subject to a particular number of restrictions, then its administration becomes less complicated. According to C olton, free trade is an influential phrase. It leads many people to believe that commerce means freedom, that ports are open to all traders, and trade can be done anywhere to anyone. He further argued that these notions may seem reasonable enough with reference to the meaning of the word free, but the enchanting character of these phrases is actually misleading. Because of the true definition behind the phrase â€Å"free trade,† lies in the opposite of the obvious meaning that it expresses. Therefore, Colton justifies the idea that free trade is not inherently free; that it is subject to laws and regulations, which impedes the assumption of its being free. Rather than formulate a concise definition of free trade, scholars opted to assume that free trade has an understandable (yet vague) definition. Driesen has stated that in academic writings and in the interpreted decisions of the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GAAT), vague terms such as trade barriers and trade res trictions are being used to exemplify the things that trade must become the free form of. However, the presence of these terms still does not help in the formulation of an exact definition of free trade. It goes to show that, in spite of free trade’s long existence, its concept has remained broad and ill-defined. Baggini and Fost have taken as an example "the justice of free trade." They have stated that when it comes to providing a definition of free trade, many do consider it as trade, which is not disrupted by any local or international trade restrictions. This meaning according to some philosophers refers to a fixed definition of free trade based on the thought of the words itself; however, with this definition, many people will argue that they have a precise or more appropriate definition of the term. These arguments will eventually result in varied justifications of free trade leading to contrasting conclusions in due regard to its justice. Creating clear definitions of difficult concepts as claimed by Baggini and Fost is crucial to refrain from having further discussions with its definition. The development of a single definition of free trade is still at the stage of discussions; therefore, its definition may vary and is still unfixed. Thus, a clear definition of free trade has to be developed not based on the term itself but based on its application in the world of trade, to put an end to this confusion. Hence, it can be said that "free trade refers to" the omission "of barriers to international trade", barriers that hinder its smooth sailing entrance to the international market.

Juvenile Delinquency related to drugs and alcohol Essay Example for Free

Juvenile Delinquency related to drugs and alcohol Essay To tackle this topical issue, it is fairly relevant to first of all define some key terminology employed in contextual jargon as regards the question at hand. At the fore, a juvenile can be said to be a minor of such age as may be stipulated by a particular state, usually below the age of sixteen (16) or seventeen (17) years, who may be in the frame of mind to willfully conceive criminal intent whilst perpetrating a crime, be it in the form of a robbery, murder or assorted other criminal acts. Along the same line, ‘juvenile crime’ denotes several offences committed by the said minors (less than 18 years), infamously referred to as juvenile delinquency, and may include acts which would be considered ‘crimes’ if committed by adults, and misbehavior like disobedience to parents and authorities or even instances of truancy. As may be warranted by prevailing circumstance, such youthful offenders may be put to trial as either full-blown adults or simply in a capacity as juveniles, as influenced by a variety of factors, inclusive of the severity of the crime in question. For the more weighty crimes, the juvenile offender may be tried in either a juvenile or adult court, then subsequently incarcerated among the adults or juveniles, as the presiding judge may deem fit. More serious criminal offences may even spell out prison sentences for the ‘minor’ (Stafford, 1991). However, the root causes of juvenile delinquency remain a baffling mystery, as clear-cut reasons are yet to be outlined for the same. However, it is clear that the major causes of delinquency are the use of alcohol and abuse of drugs and substances. Some theorists pen a myriad of intervention mechanisms to aid in arresting this situation before it grows into being the downfall of youths the world over. In this reaction paper, I endeavor to handle each of these issues, one at a time (Shaw, 1942).). Drug trafficking has become the major source of violence in the country with rival gangs engaging in extreme violence that sometimes leads to fatality. Drug abusers sometimes results to crime in order to acquire money to satisfy their addictions since drugs are expensive. Furthermore, drugs alienate one from reality and leads to aggressive behavior which results to violence or misdemeanor. A lot of attention has been given in this area and extensive findings exist. However, it is clear that there is room for more to be done since this existing literature has not resulted to a dramatic decrease from behavior that is considered wrong in society. Furthermore, there seems to be little or inadequate research on the effect of to younger siblings if their older counterparts are abusers of alcohol and drugs (Kuntsche et al, 2009). Causal Relationships Diverse theories have been put forth as relates to the chief reasons why there is the onset of juvenile tendencies in the first place, and why this eventually metamorphosis’s into criminality in the long run. Among those advanced include schools of thought which are modeled around historical and modern – day scenarios. These theoretical traditions range from deliberations on; Theories:   Early theories – these peg the juvenile tendencies to the forces of nature, for example, spiritual beings and even demons. Key aspects in this arena include deliberations on naturalism (the science relating human affairs and eventual behavior to interactions with the forces of nature) and spiritualism, whereby deviance and criminal tendencies can be pegged to influences of nature, and the perpetrator’s inappropriate connection with supernatural powers that be. In this theory, offenses were considered to be against nature itself The Classical theory, which goes on to rationalize personal choice, brings to focus the issue of humanitarianism. Theorists here are of the stance that proven perpetrators ought to be held personally accountable for their delinquent acts, and that punishment was best administered accordingly. This was based on the premises that humans are by nature reasonably rational, criminality being morally wrong and outlawed in society, and also that the civil society would play its role of disciplining wrong-doers as a form of deterrent mechanism, with such punishment being proportionate to the crime at hand (Loeber, 1989). Biological theories, which detail the physiological developmental traits of juveniles, in relation to their physical development, mental (under) development, or even hereditary characteristics, and their eventual impact on human behavior. It holds that some people are naturally-inclined toward being deviant, and that it is woven-into their genes, with little or no chance of altering this state of being. The point of note here is that delinquency and its roots are traced to a person’s physical/ physiological predisposition, as opposed mainly to the question of free will. Chief among these are theories dealing with hereditary issues (heredity), evolution of man and his characteristics (atavism), as well as, The development of certain bodily traits that are common amongst people already oriented toward behaving in a particular manner (somatotyping), to name but a few. Psychological theories – these touch on psychopathic personalities, correlation between dysfunctional and/ or troubled childhoods and the prevalence of the juvenile mannerisms in individuals. These also ascribe deviant behavior to one’s surrounding environment, as may be influenced by chemical interplay in the brain, or an assorted number of reasons. Here, it is necessary to   point out that delinquents may not have a sense of right or wrong as they go about their deviant actions, and that not only can’t they control themselves, but also, their personalities border being christened ‘abnormal’, and the root of such can be re-traced back to their age as little children. These include; Psychopathology, which relates one’s lack of a viable conscience to deviant mannerisms and also, the dys-functioning of given personalities, conditioning, which details the response to stimulating factors prevalent in the environment, and Psychoanalysis, dealing with incomplete development of one’s personality. Sociological theories – serve to link deviance to societal interactions and also the already existing caste structures, not to mention the inherent disparities in existence between the level of achieving goals and objectives and actually being in a position to go about the same. These include; Differential Association theory, which deals with ways in which we as humans have the tendency of picking up all manner of behavior from those around us. It further posits that delinquency is an acquired behavior that is adopted from lifestyles of varying criminals. The Structural/ Social Ecology theory, as pertains to structural conditions in a given area that may play a pivotal role in shaping the mental framework of individuals inhabiting that area. These include; overcrowding, unemployment, poor housing, poverty, sub-standard sanitation, and last but not least, illegitimate births. Strain and anomie theory; anomie details the aspect of lack of norms in society, especially in instances where there may be experienced some upheavals like wars and the like. When this materializes, the traditional customs and regulations are no longer abided by. Conversely, Strain refers to a situation whereby there already exists a standard set of acceptable goals and means of achieving the same. The inherent problem however, is that not all members of society have the necessary resources to go about meeting this end, thus, a scenario of need is created with some members literally straining to make ends meet, as it were. Thus, lack of opportunity and inequality can be zoned off as the major bones of contention here. Critical theory – has a lot to do with forces of subjugation in society, and also the capitalistic nature of shrewd individuals. Societal inequities play a major role in molding the character and adaptive mind-state of given persons, more so in the earlier years right after one begins the journey to discover him/ herself.   This is further broken down into; Radical criminology; this has the general proposition that since the wealth and power in society have been inequitably distributed, then, those less economically empowered will ultimately seek out alternative modes, mostly of criminal nature, so as to achieve whatever it is they are in (dire) need of. This situation is set to persist until control mechanisms are put in place by society to ensure that all and sundry are catered for as pertains to the same. Conflict theory; the main assumption is that societal conflicts and tensions are part and parcel of society in general. There thus arises a distinctive classification of peoples, pitting the haves against the have-nots, with the latter being tagged in a relatively negative light. The theory posits that there subsequently arises the need for specialized institutions that can be employed to maintain a certain degree of law and order in society. Thus, in a nutshell, this theory serves to deliberate the economic tensions created, focus being placed on the political and economic systems in existence.